Homeopathic Rebuttal – The argument is in there, but it’s at homeopathic dilutions

I take it as a sign of my own writing success when people I write about start to write about me. It means that at least someone has taken notice of what I’m saying. Unfortunately that is where my satisfaction stops with DR J.P Prinsloo, a South African homeopathic practitioner and the author of what is, officially, the first attack on my writing on the internet, or at least the first one so blatant and lacking in relevant content.

On Dr Prinsloo’s website he hosts a rather exhaustive looking page entitled “Answering the Skeptics” which claims to be a response to sceptical criticisms of homeopathy and tries to provide information supporting the veracity of homeopathy. Unfortunately Prinsloo’s missive is long, repetitive and the arguments are so shallow, poorly executed and fallacious that what promises to be an interesting read soon turns into a chore which demands high levels of discipline to complete.

I am not the first to respond to Prinsloo’s essay; Owen Swart (also mocked by Prinsloo in the article) and Michael Meadon have independently posted critical responses on their respective blogs. As such I will try to address different aspects of Prinsloo’s article. I will focus on a few key issues and perhaps in the future I will write a few follow-up pieces based on Prinsloo’s missive. Please excuse any overlapping content.

The first thing that Dr Prinsloo does is to point out that he will not debate the efficacy of homeopathy with anyone who expresses an opinion on the subject but who is not a qualified, registered, practicing homeopath. I suppose this is so that he can ensure that his views will not be challenged in any way that makes him at all uncomfortable. After all, debating the efficacy of his field of medicine with someone who does not share his views would be a whole lot more difficult than doing so with someone who does. A nice homeopathy friendly echo chamber is far more comfortable, and perhaps Prinsloo is afraid of what he might have to admit should he engage with people sceptical of his discipline. Both Owen and Michael call Prinsloo out on this error, and rightfully so. I cannot think of any reasonable justification for refusing to listen to differing opinions. If Prinsloo does not want to be questioned he should not make public statements about science or medicine and, for that matter, should stop practicing medicine. The very driving force behind science is the human tendency to question the established body of knowledge and it is the scientific process that has revealed everything from the ability of vaccines to combat dreadful contagious diseases all the way to our understanding of the mechanics of the universe. If people did not question what they were told, we’d still be dieing of smallpox and clinging to the geocentric model of the universe.

“Answering the Skeptics” is built on a foundation of name calling which persists throughout his long and boring rant, going from merely calling anyone who might disagree with him an “ignorant” (sic) who doesn’t deserve to be engaged with, to questioning the credentials of other public figures who speak out against homeopathy and ending up as a blatant ad hominem attack against myself and Owen. Allow me to elaborate on some of Prinsloo’s attempts at distracting his reader’s attention from his lack of an argument by attacking the credibility of people who question homeopathy.

He feels that it would be a good idea to throw in a baseless claim about the “ignorants” funding and motivation;

“Unfortunately, as with anything else in this world, there is always a small number of self-centred individuals with their own agendas and probably backed by some pharmaceutical company or grouping, that has to infect our healthy source of drinking water with some unwanted pest or virus.”

Um, excuse me, WHAT? Apart from being absurd, this allegation by Prinsloo seems to me to be an attempt to establish an “us and them” kind of feeling. The brave homeopath is sticking up for the little guy while the sceptics side with the big, evil, scary corporations bent on global domination and poisoning our water supply. Give me a break! If I though that anyone of measurable intelligence would take this seriously I might be more insulted. May I add that if I am funded by Big Pharma I wouldn’t mind actually receiving some funds? Not that I’m ungrateful of course, it’s just that I spend a great deal of my spare time trying to educate myself and other people about the dangers of fraudulent healthcare providers, and I do it without having received a cent in compensation.

Prinsloo doesn’t stop there though, oh no, making one irrelevant claim about people who disagree with him is not enough. He would like his readers to think that people who challenge an alternative medical practice are “The creators of the filth”, as if demanding high standards of, and demonstrable effects from, medicines I might put into my body is somehow a dirty thing to do.

Prinsloo then forgets his earlier refusal to engage with the sceptical community by bravely declaring that he will “address some of the ridiculous statements made by the ignorants (sic). He then embarks on a most disappointing attack against the religious position of those sceptics who dare to question his beliefs.

The one thing that always catches my attention is the fact that generally the skeptics of Homeopathy also tend to be anti-religion or at least skeptical of religion.” (emphasis, spelling and grammatical errors are Prinsloo’s)

Why is that important in the context of a homeopath’s response to skeptics?

“In the meantime, and for the sake of his supporters, I would like to quote a recentstatement on religion by james randi - “Since religion shows up as a part of so many arguments in support of other fantastic claims, I want to show you that its embrace is of the same nature as acceptance of astrology, ESP, prophecy, dowsing, and the other myriad of strange beliefs we handle here every day.””

So What?

“I did not know that you have to study and get registered in order to practice as a homeopath? But then again you get degrees in Theology as well.” 

This has nothing to do with whether or not we can debate homeopathy.

“To strengthen my point about these skeptics being anti-religion go see for yourself on her distinguished website her jokes about Christianity.”

To strengthen my point, religion has nothing to do with it! How does my own, or any other person’s, choice regarding religion have any relevance to the topic of whether or not we can discuss and debate the history, principles and effectiveness of homeopathy? Whether I am a Buddhist, an atheist or a Pagan has absolutely nothing to do with whether or not I can legitimately question homeopathy. Simply waving your hands and trying to distract people from the facts by poisoning the well is NOT going to make us go away and it is NOT going to strengthen your position.

Furthermore, my honesty about my formal scientific training does not make homeopathy any more or less effective, nor does it disqualify me from the debate. Moreover, how exactly would having a degree in astronomy better qualify me for engaging in a debate on homeopathy? It certainly would not bring me any closer to meeting Prinsloo’s arbitrary parameters. Neither does Owens enjoyment of science-fiction, or the fact that James Randi is a magician. Dr Prinsloo, if you have an argument to make, at least attempt to do so without resorting to such obviously flawed thinking. Your argument should be able to stand on the strength of your evidence, not on any character flaw of your opponent which you perceive. You just end up looking like an ignorant (sic).

When Prinsloo eventually does address a statement I made about homeopathy he doesn’t actually consider it to be important to talk about the issue, instead he tries to brush my concerns aside by pointing at supposed factual errors in my statement.

My rebuttal to the above ridiculous and misleading statement was as follows : “As a matter of interest, James Randi (referred to in one of the comments) was a magician and Jacques Benveniste (misleadingly referred to as a Homeopath in the same comment) was not a Homeopath. He was an internationally renowned French immunologist. In 1979 he published a well-known paper on the structure of platelet-activating factor and its relationship with histamine. He was head of INSERM’s Unit 200, directed at immunology, allergy and inflammation.”

Look! Over there! A FLYING PIG!

Another inexcusable statement Prinsloo makes is that the rules of evidence should be changed to allow homeopathy and other alternative medicinal practices to be encompassed in the definition of “science” and therefore accorded the respect he thinks they deserve. Let me quote from Dr Prinsloo’s article to illustrate exactly what I mean;

“The guidelines and boundaries of science must be revised to encompass the clinical subtlety and complexity revealed by alternative medicine”

No. The guidelines of science are in place to prevent exactly that kind of abuse. If your proposed medical approach does not provide independently repeatable and verifiable results don’t change the rules of the science, change the approach. In a separate essay entitled “Homeopathy Mystical or Scientific” Prinsloo further tries to confuse the issue by referring to “the science of homeopathy” as though it should be thought of as a different kind of science. Not the same as double blinded clinically tested and evidence based science, but a subtle and complex science. Because it cannot show a measurable effect when scientifically tested. BECAUSE IT’S NOT SCIENCE!

Despite Prinsloo’s assertions to the contrary (which are not backed up by ANY form of citation and so may very well have been made up out of whole cloth by Prinsloo) homeopathic treatments have been tested by the scientific establishment. Vigorously. Repeatedly. In good faith. Just in case this once there might actually be an effect. To date the balance of the evidence shows that there is no effect of homeopathic treatments which can be attributed to the substance in the pill / vial and not to the therapeutic effect of having a caring doctor talk to you for an hour before prescribing those treatments – The Placebo Effect. A medical term which is not “unexplained and suggested” per Prinsloo’s mischaracterization, but describes a thoroughly studied physiological response.

Finally I would like to point out one more statement made by Prinsloo in his ramblings about “Homeopathy Mythical or Scientific”

“It should also be remembered that in every single case where a so-called scientist or medical practitioner speaks out against homeopathy, it is someone that has never studied or practiced homeopathy”

While I may not meet all (or ANY) of Prinsloo’s arbitrarily defined criteria for being a suitable commenter on homeopathy, I can sure as hell think of someone who is and I have three words for Prinsloo;

Professor

Edzard

Ernst

Not an ignorant and not Gish galloping into the sunset on his homeopathic high horse either.

**I apologise for the abrupt ending to my response – in the light of our vocal sceptical response Dr Prinsloo has altered the statements on his website. He seems to think that doing so will somehow make us shut up and go away. It just so happens I saved the original documents onto my USB stick and have not altered them in any way. If someone can tell me how to legally host the original statements made by Dr Prinsloo I will happily do so.**

Dangerous and Stupid!

If you are a regular reader of my blog you will know how I feel about homeopathy. If you are new to my blog, suffice it to say, the fraudulent use of sugar pills to treat dangerous medical conditions really pisses me off! A few months ago I wrote about the Maun Homeopathy Project which is an initiative to provide homeopathic remedies to people suffereing from the stress and trauma of being infected with AIDS in rural Botswana.

Perhaps the placebo effect can have some benefit in treating the psychological difficulties of living with a disease which carries such a terrible stigma in Africa. When I wrote the Maun article I pointed out that my grave concern was (and still is) that prescribing homeopathic remedies to treat stress and trauma would progress to prescription for HI virus and AIDS itself. When Jeremy Sherr went to Tanzania he started telling people that homeopathic remedies can cure AIDS.

I do not want to link to Jeremy’s blog because I do not want him to get a higher google search  ranking then he already has. So I will link to an excellent article by Martin Robins of layscience.net. In this article Martin goes to great lengths to expose Sherr’s fraudulent activities.

Once Sherr caught wind of Martin’s activities he started to censor his website, retrospectively editing out the offending material. Sherr decided to write a whingeing “you can’t test homeopathy like science” reply to Martin’s first article, and Martin then proceeded to annihilate Sherr’s response as well.

What this all boils down to is that Jeremy Sherr is putting peoples lives in danger by offerring them an ineffective course of treatment for a deadly disease. This will almost certainly lead to a death toll Jeremy, don’t you realise that you are putting peoples lives at risk?

Perhaps one of the most shocking aspects of this entire episode is the fact that Sherr is supported by the leading homeopathic organisations in the UK. Gimpy’s blog highligts the fact that the British Homeopathic Association (BHA) and Homeopathic Action Trust (HAT) support Sherr’s activities.

Homeopathic remedies are not a suitable treatment for any real disease. Despite all the noise that homeopaths make about their “alternative” to mainstream medicine being effective it is pure pseudoscience. To offer people sugar pills for HIV/AIDS is lunacy and these people should all be burned at the stake.

Seven Suspicious Water Claims

This is part two of my three part series on the documentary Water: The Great Mystery and it follows on from the post entitled “More Water Woo”. In this article I will attempt to address the fallacious statements which are presented as science in Water. This series is a response to an article published on news24.com entitled Can Water Remember?.

The seven theories proposed in Water, together with the skeptical interpretation of those theories are as follows;

1. Any substance which comes into contact with water leaves behind an imprint of itself , this enables water to remember everything which occurs in the space around it.

Does this sound familiar to you? If you recognised this speculation as one of the central tenets of homeopathy, you would be right. A topic such as homeopathy deserves an entire blog category of it’s own and I intend to address the matter in great detail.

For the purpose of this post however, let us stick to the basics. Water memory was proposed by Jacques Benveniste as the mechanism through which homeopathic remedies allegedly have therapeutic powers. This effect is only brought about by shaking the water at each stage of dilution of the homeopathic remedy. Such remedies are so highly diluted that not even a single molecule of the original solute is likely to remain. While Benveniste’s studies were able to show an effect, no double-blind repetition of the experiments involved have been able to replicate the effects.

The concept of water memory is not accepted by the scientific community.

2. It’s further noted that, as water records information, it acquires new properties, yet its chemical composition remains unchanged…

This point is based on a logical fallacy; the unstated major premise. We must first be willing to accept that water can retain memories before it is plausible to theorize about the formation of “memory cells” within water. This point is flawed in the most basic of ways; it is not based on any plausible science. As such we do not need to address it too closely.

3. “modern instruments have made it possible to record that within each of water’s memory cells, there are 440 000 information panels”

Again, this point is flawed as it builds upon the nonsense of the point before it. We still have no proof that water can retain any kind of memory beyond a few picoseconds. What use is it to look for “information panels”?

Secondly, exactly which modern instruments, operated by whom, and recorded in which journals?

4. Our tap water is dead and leaches energy out of people, plants and animals.

As I understand it (based on my physics education), energy is the potential to do work. Perhaps the makers of Water are referring to the mythical “life energy” or “chi”. This would suggest that by drinking tap water we are somehow draining a non-existent force from our bodies.

Talk about an untestable claim. This sounds like utter rubbish to me.

5. Water responds to our thoughts and thus, by calming our minds we can calm our bodies (which are composed of approximately 70% water).

Another completely unproven theory. The only reference I have seen made to water being able to respond to our thoughts is on psychic websites and forums. Do I need to explain why psychic forums are not going to be a suitable source of information?

They don’t do science!

To be involved in the psychic community  you have to stop asking questions and start accepting what you are told. This is a sure-fire recipe for disaster. I have a glass of water on my table and I have been willing it to change in any way whatsoever for the past twenty minutes. Nothing happened.

6. Projecting emotions at a flask of water can effect the water’s energy.

I assume that we are once again reffering to the mythical life energy. Someone must have conducted a study to determine that this is true, right?

I must ask where was this research published and by whom? Until there is evidence to back up these claims it is very hard not to be skeptical about them.

The claims of Dr. Maseru Emoto as outlined in point seven seem like a load of pseudoscience if I have ever seen it! I will address Dr. Emoto’s experiments in greater detail in my third and final installment in this series.

To summarize, if you want the credibility of science, you must be willing to do real, double-blinded, peer reviewed science. The dearth of scientific literature on any of the theories proposed in Water is a serious red-flag. Accepted science is built up over decades by scientists working independently of each other, arriving at similar conclusions. Studies are carried out and journals publish the results. When you encounter a “scientific” field in which there are only a few people turning out results there is no opportunity for the literature to evolve. When the claims made by these pseudo scientists are tested and demolished by peers it says something about the original claims. If a scientist insists on pursuing a flawed theory because of emotional investment, he runs the serious risk of being sidelined by his peers.

There is nothing in the theory of water memory which holds water.

If you have any questions you would like me to address in greater detail please feel free to post them in the comments section or to drop me an e-mail on skepticdetective{at}gmail{dot}com.

I can feel it in my water

Today I have two water related news stories I would like to talk about.

I stumbled upon this story on CNN in which Nicole Kidman claims to have fallen pregnant because she was swimming in a waterfall near the town of Kununurra in the Australian outback. I assume she means the pool at the base of the waterfall, and not the waterfall itself.

Nicole and six other women who were in the middle of the Australian outback while filming a movie all happened to fall pregnant within that space of time. It must have been the waterfall and not the sex they were having while stuck in a tiny town in the middle of the nowhere.

How would a waterfall improve your fertility anyway, Nicole? I think that what she has done here is she has confused correlation with causation. Just because you all swam in the same pool, does not mean that you are all pregnant because you swam in the pool. How many women swam in the pool and did not fall pregnant? And don’t only count the lesbians for that answer, okay?

The second case I have read about today is that of the Maun Homeopathy Project. This offensive initiative was founded by Hilary Fairclough and Philippa Brewster in 2002. The aim of the MHP is to offer homeopathic treatment to people infected with HIV/AIDS, victims of rape and “people suffering from trauma, grief and stigma”.

Homeopathy is not medicine and any attempt to portray it as such is dangerous. Homeopathy was invented by Dr. Samuel Hahnemann and is based on the fallacious principle “Similia similibus curentur” (let likes be cured by likes).

Hahnemann came upon this idea while working as a language teacher and translator. He had heard that the bark of a Peruvian tree, the cinchona, was effective in treating malaria due to it’s astringency. Hahnemann claimed that other astringent substances were not effective against malaria and set out to test why cinchona bark was. As he could not conduct a clinical trial, he had to test the substance on himself. He claimed that the drug produced malaria like symptoms in him (shaking chills, high fever, sweating, fatigue, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, dry cough, muscle or joint pain and back ache.) It’s a pity he did not suffer malaria’s most infamous symptom; Death.

Hahnemann concluded that cinchona would provoke similar symptoms in any healthy individual. From this non-exhaustive, not double-blind clinical trial he came upon the following healing principle; “that which can produce a set of symptoms in a healthy individual, can treat a sick individual who is manifesting a similar set of symptoms.”

That’s it. That is how homeopathy was born.

Interestingly, Hahnemann’s reaction to the cinchona bark does not differ much from the symptoms of quinine allergy. Quinine is a drug which is given as treatment for malaria and it is present in the cinchona bark. For a detailed essay on this aspect of Hahnemann’s self-assessment please read this short page. One cannot help but wonder what would have happened had he not been allergic to quinine. We would surely have been spared the travesty that is homeopathy.

Furthermore, homeopathic “remedies” are diluted to such a degree that the homeopaths themselves cannot distinguish between a vial of water and a “remedy”. In a famous trial carried out by Jacques Benveniste and James Randi, Randi proved through rigorous, double-blind protocols that Benveniste’s team could not score more than 50% (which is no better then the probability of random chance) when trying to distinguish between water and homeopathic remedies. The results of this trial were published in the journal Nature in 1988 (the year in which the study was conducted).

What this means is that the people of the MHP are dispensing woo woo science at its most dangerous. The danger is not the temporary relief offered to the people who seek the homeopathic treatment. The true danger is that one day one of these people may decide to stop taking their anti-retroviral medication because he may believe that the homeopathic rubbish will cure him of AIDS. That will be a very frightening day indeed.